P0022: Camshaft Timing Over-Retarded (Bank 2)
The P0022 code indicates that the engine control module (ECM) has detected that the camshaft timing on bank 2 is retarded (delayed) beyond the specified range. This is typically caused by a malfunction in the variable valve timing (VVT) system, such as a faulty oil control valve (OCV), low oil pressure, or a stretched timing chain. Bank 2 refers to the side of the engine opposite cylinder 1. Over-retarded timing can reduce engine performance, fuel economy, and increase emissions.
1. Most Common Causes
- Low, dirty, or incorrect viscosity engine oil
- Faulty or stuck Bank 2 VVT solenoid (oil control valve)
- Clogged VVT solenoid screen filter
- Mechanical failure of the camshaft phaser (internal wear, stuck piston)
- Stretched, jumped timing chain/belt or worn tensioner/hydraulic adjuster
- Faulty camshaft (CMP) or crankshaft (CKP) position sensor with noisy signal
- Short or open in wiring/connectors of VVT solenoid or sensor circuits
- Low oil pressure due to worn oil pump or stuck relief valve
2. Symptoms You Will Notice
- Check Engine Light illuminated
- Rough idle or engine misfire
- Reduced engine power and acceleration
- Poor fuel economy
- Engine may stall or hesitate
3. Step-by-Step Diagnosis
Step 1: Scan for codes and record freeze frame data. Check for other related codes like P0010-P0014 or P0020-P0024.
Step 2: Inspect engine oil level and condition. Low or dirty oil can cause VVT issues.
Step 3: Test the VVT oil control valve (OCV) on bank 2 for proper operation using a multimeter or scan tool.
Step 4: Check oil pressure and inspect oil passages for blockages. Perform a mechanical timing check to ensure the timing chain/belt hasn't jumped.
4. Frequently Asked Questions
Is it safe to drive with this code?▼
It is not recommended to drive long distances as the engine may run poorly, stall, or suffer internal damage due to incorrect camshaft timing.
How much does it cost to fix?▼
The cost varies depending on the cause. Replacing an OCV can cost $50-$150, while timing chain repairs can be $500-$1500 or more.
5. Commonly Affected Makes
This is a generic OBD2 code, potentially applicable to any manufacturer using this diagnostic standard.